Mast Cell Tumors
Cancerous Tumors
Mast cells are normal cells found in most organs and tissues of the body, and are present in highest numbers in locations such as the skin, the lungs and stomach and bowels. When mast cells undergo malignant transformation, and become cancerous, mast cell tumors are formed. Mast cell tumors range from being relatively benign and readily cured by surgery, through to showing aggressive and much more serious spread through the body. Mast cell tumors can show any of the changes typically associated with inflammation like swelling and redness.
Why do dogs get Mast Cell Tumors?
This is unknown, but as with most cancers is probably due to a number of factors.
Where in the body are Mast Cell Tumors present?
The vast majority of canine mast cell tumors occur in the skin or just underneath the skin (subcutaneous). In addition, they are occasionally reported in other sites.
We categorize mast cell tumors into three groups usually described as grades 1-3; sometimes the terms well-differentiated, intermediately differentiated and poorly differentiated are used. Low grade (Grade 1) tumors and around 75% of intermediate (Grade 2) tumors are cured with complete surgical excision. Unfortunately, most high grade (Grade 3) tumors and around 25% of intermediate grade tumors have already spread by the time they are diagnosed. The tumor grade significantly influences the treatment decision-making process, generally the higher grade the tumor is the more likely it is to spread.
What treatment options are available?
Surgery is the cornerstone of management of mast cell tumors, and complete surgical removal is often curative in dogs with low or intermediate grade mast cell tumors. However, to achieve a cure, in some circumstances a significant amount of tissue surrounding the tumor must be removed as well to ensure that all the tumor cells are removed. Dr. Pedraza's has high level of surgical experience and expertise to perform complex reconstructive surgical techniques.